1874 Turtle Mountain Delegation

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A collection of distinguished men

1874 Delegation to Washington

Above is a studio portrait of the Pembina Chippewa delegation of 1874.  Seated, left to right: unidentified (possibly Louis Lenoir); unidentified; Little Shell (Es-En-Ce); Something Blown Up By The Wind (Ka-Ees-Pa). Back row, left to right: unidentified; The Man Who Knows How To Hunt (Ke-Woe-Sais-We-Ro); Little Bull (Mis-To-Ya-Be). The men wear a combination of European-style and traditional dress. Little Shell wears a peace medal around his neck.

A description of each identified man, as described by the Bureau of American Ethnology,  is provided below:

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Little Shell, Es-En-Ce

Head chief of the Pembinas, residing at Turtle Mountain, in Dakota.  His father and grandfather were chiefs of the same band before him. Took an active part against the Sioux in the Minnesota massacres in 1863. Visited Washington in 1874, at the head of a delegation in behalf of their bands, to protest against being removed from their old homes about Turtle Mountain.

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Little Bull, Mis-to-ya-be

Head brave of the Pembinas. Resides at Pembina. Is a man of considerable influence, his word being law with his band. Has good common sense and fine executive ability. Was removed by the Government to White Earth reservation, but refuses to live there, and has gone back to his old home. Has fought the Sioux frequently, and has been quite successful in stealing horses from them. Has two wives. Does no farming.

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Ka-ees-Pa, Something Blown up by the wind (Joseph Gourneau)

A Pembina half-breed, but lives and dresses like an Indian. His father was made a chief of the Pembinas by the English and Americans, and upon his death succeeded him. Is a very successful hunter, and is looked upon as a representative man of the tribe.

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Ke-woe-sais-we-ro, The Man Who Knows How to Hunt

A half-breed and third brave of the band.  Always joined the Chippewas in fighting the Sioux. An expert at fighting on horseback, and counts four scalps.  Is a trader.  Is thought very much of by his tribe, and has a reputation for moral worth and straight forward dealing.

From A Descriptive Catalog of North American Indians by W.H. Jackson. US General Printing Office, 1877