Indians of North America--Census; Native American Census - Turtle Mountain (Chippewa Indians): 1934-36
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 Sources of historical information or evidence are often categorized as primary, secondary, or tertiary material. These classifications are based on the originality of the material and the proximity of the source or origin. This informs the reader as to whether the author is reporting information that is first hand or is conveying the experiences and opinions of others which is considered second hand. Determining if a source is primary, secondary or tertiary can be tricky. Below you will find a description of the three categories of information and examples to help you make a determination. Primary Sources Primary sources are the "raw materials" and foundation of historical research and writing. They are the primary (basis) from which historians collect and start their historiography. These sources are records of events or evidence as they are first described or actually happened without any interpretation or commentary. It is information that is shown for the first time or original materials on which other research is based. Primary sources display original thinking, report on new discoveries, or share contemporary or fresh information. Secondary Sources These sources offer an analysis or restatement of primary sources. They often try to describe or explain primary sources. They tend to be works which summarize, interpret, reorganize, or otherwise provide an added value to a primary source. Tertiary Sources Tertiary sources are based exclusively on secondary sources – i.e., on the research of others. These are sources that index, abstract, organize, compile, or digest other sources. Some reference materials and textbooks are considered tertiary sources when their chief purpose is to list, summarize or simply repackage ideas or other information. Tertiary sources are usually not credited to a particular author.  Treaty Between the United States and Chippewa Indians (Red Lake and Pembina) Signed at Old Crossing, Red Lake River, Minnesota.  Treaty (Supplementary) Between the United States and the Red Lake and PembinaBands of Chippewa Indians Signed at Washington, DC, 4/12/1864. Handwritten Copies of the 1863 Old Crossing Treaty of 1863 and the 1864 Supplemental Treaty1/26/2019 1863 old crossing treaty 1864 supplement to old crossing  The 1850 census list appearing in the following pages was found by the secretary in the Minnesota archives at St. Paul, and, as far as can be ascertained. has never before been printed. Pembina district includes the entire Red River valley in the United States and the Red Lake region. Also included is a listing of personal property valuations for Pembina County from 1873. Are your ancestors on this list?
Little Shell Band Annuities list from 1864-1878. Little Shell II died circa 1868. Little Shell III died in 1901.
A listing of the Chippwa and Metis who received annuities as members of Red Bear's band of Pembina Indians.
Red Bear Band Annuity Roll by Lawrence J. Barkwell on Scribd
Pembina Chief Waykegekezhick (b. 1830) led a mixed band of Chippewa and Metis. Those receiving annuities in the late 1860s are listed.
Way Ke Ge Ke Zhick Annuity Rolls by Lawrence J. Barkwell on Scribd |
AuthorA collaborative effort of members of the Ojibwe and Metis communities Archives
April 2019
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